Kidsby CodingMarble

Bengali alphabet for kids বাংলা বর্ণমালা

Tap a letter to hear it with a word that starts with it, like অ for অজগর. Then play Find it and let Golu call out letters in Bangla.

Bengali Alphabet

For grown-ups बड़ों के लिए

Bengali alphabet chart with pictures

50 letters · tap 🔊 to hear each one.

PictureLetterWordMeaningListen
pythonঅজগরpython
mangoআমmango
mouseইঁদুরmouse
eagleঈগলeagle
camelউটcamel
dawnঊষাdawn
sageঋষিsage
একতারাone-string lute
Indra's elephantঐরাবতIndra's elephant
ওলelephant-foot yam
medicineঔষধmedicine
bananaকলাbanana
rabbitখরগোশrabbit
cowগরুcow
clockঘড়িclock
frogব্যাঙfrog
glassesচশমাglasses
umbrellaছাতাumbrella
hibiscusজবাhibiscus
basketঝুড়িbasket
engineইঞ্জিনengine
parrotটিয়াparrot
ঠোঙাpaper bag
tender coconutডাবtender coconut
big drumঢাকbig drum
deerহরিণdeer
watermelonতরমুজwatermelon
plateথালাplate
toothদাঁতtooth
paddyধানpaddy
boatনৌকাboat
birdপাখিbird
flowerফুলflower
tigerবাঘtiger
bearভালুকbear
fishমাছfish
যাঁতাhand mill
রথchariot
lemonলেবুlemon
cucumberশসাcucumber
bullষাঁড়bull
snakeসাপsnake
duckহাঁসduck
hillড়পাহাড়hill
ঢ়আষাঢ়monsoon month
peacockয়ময়ূরpeacock
শরৎautumn
colourরংcolour
sadnessদুঃখsadness
moonচাঁদmoon

The Bengali alphabet for kids, the বাংলা বর্ণমালা (bangla bornomala), has 50 letters: 11 স্বরবর্ণ (shorborno, vowels) and 39 ব্যঞ্জনবর্ণ (byanjonborno, consonants). This page shows every one with a picture word your child knows, like for আম (aam, mango) and for কলা (kola, banana). Tap a letter to hear it and its word, then play Find it or Memory.

How many letters are in the bangla bornomala? (koyta?)

GroupBengali nameCountLetters
Vowelsস্বরবর্ণ (shorborno)11অ আ ই ঈ উ ঊ ঋ এ ঐ ও ঔ
Consonantsব্যঞ্জনবর্ণ (byanjonborno)39ক খ গ ঘ ঙ … ড় ঢ় য় ৎ ং ঃ ঁ
Totalবর্ণমালা50

This 11 + 39 count is what schools in West Bengal and Bangladesh teach today. It goes back to Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar's primer বর্ণপরিচয় (Borno Porichoy, 1855), the book that shaped how Bengali children learn to read. The last four consonants, ৎ ং ঃ ঁ, are small signs rather than full letters, so the game shows them inside words: শরৎ (autumn), রং (colour), দুঃখ (sadness) and চাঁদ (moon).

Shorborno: the 11 Bengali vowels with words

  • অজগর python · আম mango · ইঁদুর mouse · ঈগল eagle
  • উট camel · ঊষা dawn · ঋষি sage
  • একতারা one-string lute · ঐরাবত Indra's elephant · ওল yam · ঔষধ medicine

A key point for families who also speak Hindi: Bengali is said "ô", like the o in "hot", not "a". So কলা is "kola", not "kala". The game says every letter the Bengali way, so let your child's ear lead.

Byanjonborno: consonants in five borgo

The first 25 consonants come in five rows called বর্গ (borgo), each made in a different part of the mouth. Chanting them row by row is how most Bengali children learn them:

BorgoLettersPicture words on this page
ক-বর্গক খ গ ঘ ঙকলা banana, খরগোশ rabbit, গরু cow, ঘড়ি clock, ব্যাঙ frog
চ-বর্গচ ছ জ ঝ ঞচশমা glasses, ছাতা umbrella, জবা hibiscus, ঝুড়ি basket
ট-বর্গট ঠ ড ঢ ণটিয়া parrot, ঠোঙা paper bag, ডাব tender coconut, ঢাক drum, হরিণ deer
ত-বর্গত থ দ ধ নতরমুজ watermelon, থালা plate, দাঁত tooth, ধান paddy, নৌকা boat
প-বর্গপ ফ ব ভ মপাখি bird, ফুল flower, বাঘ tiger, ভালুক bear, মাছ fish

Then come য র ল (যাঁতা, রথ, লেবু), the three s-letters শ ষ স (শসা, ষাঁড়, সাপ), (হাঁস), and the dotted letters ড় ঢ় য় (পাহাড়, আষাঢ়, ময়ূর).

Letters that sound the same

Some Bengali letters share a sound in everyday speech: শ ষ স are mostly all "sh", and both sound "j", and and both sound "n". Young children only need to hear and recognise them. Which one to use in spelling is a class 2 and 3 skill, learned word by word.

After the letters: kar, fola and juktakkhor

  1. কার (kar) signs. Vowels join a consonant as signs: (aa-kar), ি (i-kar), , , , , (e-kar), , , . So becomes কা কি কী কু কূ. Notice that i-kar and e-kar sit before the letter but are said after it; this puzzles many beginners.
  2. ফলা (fola). Small forms of য র ল ব ন ম that attach to a letter, as in ব্যাঙ (with jo-fola).
  3. যুক্তাক্ষর (juktakkhor). Joined letters, like ক্ষ and ঞ্জ in ইঞ্জিন. Leave these until your child reads simple words well, usually around 6 or 7.

The matra line

Most Bengali letters hang from a line on top, the মাত্রা (matra). Some letters have a full matra (), some half (, ) and some none (, , , , , ). When your child writes, draw the letter first and the matra last. Sorting letters by "full, half, none" is a fun visual game for 5-year-olds.

How to teach the bornomala at home

  • Shorborno first, one or two a day, always with the picture word: " for আম".
  • One borgo a week. Chant "ko kho go gho ungo" like a rhyme.
  • Trace big. In sand, rice flour or on a slate with chalk, as in hatekhori, before pencil and paper.
  • Letter hunt. Find on a sweet box, a shop sign or the newspaper.
  • Print and copy. Print this page from your browser; the letter list below the game makes a simple chart for tracing and handwriting practice.

At 3, listen and point. At 4, most children know the shorborno. At 5 to 6, they learn the byanjonborno and the kar signs and read words like জল, ফুল and মাছ. Use new letters in words on animals name in Bengali and fruits name in Bengali. Children who also learn Hindi can compare with the Hindi varnamala: the order is the same, the shapes and some sounds differ. For counting practice with Bangla digits, try numbers in Bengali.

অভিভাবকদের জন্য

বর্ণমালা শেখাতে তাড়াহুড়ো করবেন না। আগে এগারোটি স্বরবর্ণ: অ, আ, ই, ঈ। প্রতিটি অক্ষরের সঙ্গে একটা ছবি আর একটা শব্দ বলুন, যেমন আ-তে আম।

তারপর ব্যঞ্জনবর্ণ, এক এক বর্গ করে: ক খ গ ঘ ঙ। বালিতে বা স্লেটে বড় করে অক্ষর লিখে দেখান, শিশুকে আঙুল দিয়ে বোলাতে দিন।

অক্ষর চেনা হলে আ-কার, ই-কার শেখান: কা, কি, কী। শিশু ভুল করলেও চেষ্টার প্রশংসা করুন। এই খেলা কখনও "ভুল" বলে না।

Bengali Alphabet: questions parents ask

How many letters are in the Bengali alphabet?
50: 11 shorborno (vowels) and 39 byanjonborno (consonants). This is the count taught in schools in West Bengal and Bangladesh.
What is the first letter of the bangla bornomala?
(ô), shown here with অজগর (python). The first consonant is (ko).
What are kar and fola in Bengali?
কার are vowel signs added to consonants, like in কা. ফলা are small consonant forms joined to a letter, like jo-fola in ব্যাঙ.
What is a borgo?
A বর্গ is a row of five related consonants, like ক খ গ ঘ ঙ. There are five borgo in the bornomala.
At what age should my child learn the bangla bornomala?
Many children have hatekhori around 3 to 5 and learn to recognise letters at 4 to 5. Reading short words usually comes at 5 to 6.
Can I print a Bengali alphabet chart?
Yes. Print this page from your browser. The letter list below the game shows each letter with its word and makes a simple chart for handwriting practice.